10/17/2024
As winter approaches, it’s important to consider the effects of snow melt chemicals on building materials. Here are the 3 most common salts used to melt snow and prevent ice:
Sodium Chloride (Rock Salt)
Pros: It’s inexpensive, easy to source, and works effectively down to about 20°F (-6°C). It’s the go-to for many municipalities due to its cost efficiency.
Cons: Extremely corrosive to metal, concrete, and masonry, especially when used frequently. Over time, it weakens building materials, requiring more maintenance and repairs. It also harms surrounding plants and contaminates groundwater.
Calcium Chloride
Pros: Effective in much colder conditions, working down to -25°F (-32°C). Its fast action makes it ideal for areas that need quick de-icing, and it produces less harmful runoff than sodium chloride.
Cons: It is significantly more expensive than sodium chloride. Prolonged use can damage concrete by drawing moisture into the material, leading to freeze-thaw cycles and surface damage. It can also increase metal corrosion, though it’s somewhat less damaging than sodium chloride.
Magnesium Chloride
Pros: Less corrosive than sodium chloride and calcium chloride, magnesium chloride is considered safer for metal and concrete, making it a more sustainable choice for building preservation. It also works down to around -13°F (-25°C).
Cons: While it is less corrosive, magnesium chloride still causes long-term material degradation, albeit more slowly. It is more expensive and can attract moisture, potentially leading to some of the same freeze-thaw issues if used in large quantities.
Understanding the pros and cons of each snow melt can help building managers choose the best option to reduce corrosion risk and extend the life of building materials.