07/05/2025
Elevator Emergency Breaking System
An illustration of a typical friction crane brake system used by lifting devices is shown in Figure which indicates the different components of the mechanism . It consists of two safety gears, moving on the lift guides, connected to each other to ensure simultaneous operation when the brakes are activated by means of a trigger lever. A lift safety gear is placed in the frame, under a safety gear cabin. Its trigger is attached to the trigger lever, in which the end is connected to the rope speed limiter. In the upper part of the elevator shaft there is a speed limiter supervising the work of the safety gear, and in its lower part load responsible for causing the proper tension of the speed limiter rope is located. The speed limiter triggers the braking process when the nominal speed of the elevator car is increased by 0.3 m/s. After exceeding the nominal speed, the speed limiter is blocked, and the rope is also immobilized.
During the movement of an elevator car with locked components, the lever is moved in the opposite direction to the cabin, triggering the brake safety gear roll. In its turn, the roll is pressed against the guide causing elastic deformation towards the thrust plate located on the other side of the disk spring package, which induces the loss of energy in the accelerating mass. Therefore, the disc spring package is responsible for a variable force that presses the roller to the guide during the braking process.