04/09/2026
FAT and SAT are not interchangeable checkpoints.
Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT) verifies equipment against the design specification before shipment. Vendor tools, instruments and engineers are available, so corrections are usually less disruptive and less expensive.
Site Acceptance Testing (SAT) verifies the same equipment after installation and connection to real utilities, piping and controls. It confirms system integration: but faults found on site can mean difficult access, isolations and schedule pressure.
The practical insight: define test boundaries, acceptance criteria and required documentation before either test begins. This supports maintainability and Lifecycle Performance Engineering™ from the workshop through operation.
FAT confirms the unit. SAT confirms the installed system.