14/07/2025
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Shell and tube heat exchanger parts and their functions 👍
👉 A Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger is one of the most widely used types of heat exchangers in industries like oil & gas, chemical, HVAC, and power plants. It's known for its efficient heat transfer between two fluids — one flows inside the tubes and the other flows outside the tubes within the shell.
Let’s break down its key components and their functions based on the reference image 👇
🔹 Shell
The outer body that houses the entire tube bundle. It holds one of the fluids and provides the space for heat exchange to occur around the tubes.
🔹 Tubes / Tube Bundle
Thin pipes (usually made of metal) inside the shell that carry the second fluid. Heat is transferred between the fluid inside the tubes and the fluid in the shell.
🔹 Tube Sheet
A metal plate that holds the tubes in place at both ends. It ensures leak-proof sealing between the shell and the tube side.
🔹 Baffles
Plates placed inside the shell to guide the shell-side fluid flow across the tubes multiple times, improving heat transfer and supporting the tubes.
🔹 Baffle Support Rod
Keeps the baffles aligned and provides mechanical stability to the bundle.
🔹 Head Channel / Head Cover
Located at the tube end to direct the tube-side fluid into the tubes. It also helps in fluid collection after heat exchange.
🔹 Body Cover
Covers the shell and allows access for maintenance and inspection.
🔹 Gasket
Seals the joints to prevent leaks between shell and tube side.
🔹 Connections / Nozzles
Inlet and outlet connections for both fluids (shell side and tube side). They control the entry and exit of fluids.
🔹 Mounting Supports
Hold the heat exchanger in place and help absorb vibrations.
🔹 Lifting Lugs
Used for safely lifting and installing the heat exchanger during transport or maintenance.
