School Of Science, Engineering & Technology

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“Science is the study of the natural world as it is; engineering is creating new tools, devices, and processes based on scientific knowledge; technology is the sum total of all the engineered tools, devices and processes available.”

The Artemis II mission features a four-astronaut crew tasked with a 10-day lunar flyby, scheduled for no earlier than Ma...
04/04/2026

The Artemis II mission features a four-astronaut crew tasked with a 10-day lunar flyby,

scheduled for no earlier than March 2026.
The includes Commander Reid Wiseman, Pilot Victor Glover, and Mission Specialists Christina Koch and Jeremy Hansen, chosen for their extensive experience in engineering, piloting, and prior spaceflight.
II and
:-

1) Wiseman (Commander):
A1 : 27-year US Navy veteran, test pilot.
B1 : Bachelor’s in computer and systems engineering (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), Master’s in systems engineering (Johns Hopkins University), certificate in space systems (Naval Postgraduate School).
C1 : Selected 2009; 167 days in space

2 Glover (Pilot):
A2 : US Navy test pilot, first Black person to travel to deep space.
B2 : Bachelor’s in engineering (California Polytechnic State University), three Master’s degrees in engineering (Air University and Naval Postgraduate School).
C2 : Selected 2013; 6 months in space

3 Koch (Mission Specialist):( )
A3 : Electrical engineer, expert in scientific programs for NASA/NOAA, firefighter.
B3 : Bachelor’s in Electrical Engineering & Physics, Master’s in Electrical Engineering (North Carolina State University).
C3 : Selected 2013; record holder for longest single space flight by a woman.

4 Hansen (Mission Specialist):
A4 : Colonel in the Canadian Armed Forces, former fighter pilot.
B4 : Bachelor’s in space science (Royal Military College of Canada), Master’s in physics (University of Toronto).
C4 : Selected 2009 (Canadian Space Agency); this is his first space flight.

16/11/2025

A tiles press mechanism can be built using a pinion motor system powered by a battery, employing a rack and pinion to convert the motor's rotational motion into the linear force needed for pressing. This setup offers precise control, but requires careful material selection and design to achieve the significant pressure needed for tile making.
Mechanism Description
The system works on the principle of converting rotational motion to linear motion:
Rotational Input: A DC motor, powered by the battery, drives a circular gear called a pinion.
Linear Conversion: The pinion engages with a linear gear bar called a rack. As the pinion rotates, its teeth push the rack in a straight, linear direction, either up or down.
Pressing Action: The rack is connected to a pressing plate. This linear movement applies the necessary mechanical stress and force to press the tile material.
Energy Storage: The entire system is powered by a rechargeable battery (such as a sealed lead-acid or lithium-ion battery), which stores electrical energy for the motor's operation.
Design Considerations
To build a functional and effective tile press, consider the following:
Motor Power: Tile pressing requires significant force, often very heavy loads. A small motor or battery may not be sufficient for industrial-grade tiles. An appropriately powerful motor (e.g., a high-torque DC motor) is essential.
Gear Ratio: The gear ratio between the pinion and rack is critical. A higher gear ratio will amplify the torque (pressing force) but reduce the speed of the pressing action.
Durability and Materials: The rack and pinion components, as well as the press frame, must be made of strong, durable materials like carbon steel to withstand high stress and prevent flexing or damage.
Motion Control: The system needs a control mechanism (e.g., limit switches, an H-bridge motor controller, and a microcontroller) to stop the motor at the bottom of the press stroke and reverse it when necessary.
Battery Capacity: The battery's capacity (Ah) and voltage (V) must be sufficient to power the motor for a reasonable number of press cycles before needing a recharge.
Safety: The design should incorporate safety features, such as an emergency stop and a robust housing, as high-pressure applications can be hazardous.
For high-pressure pressing, a hydraulic press mechanism is often more common and efficient than a direct rack-and-pinion motor system. Repurposing existing tools like a commercial pizza press can also be a creative and effective "studio hack" for making smaller ceramic tiles.

If encoder bearing jam can happen machine motor speed variation problem and also may occur OC fault in inverter?Ans- ,...
14/11/2025

If encoder bearing jam can happen machine motor speed variation problem and also may occur OC fault in inverter?

Ans- , an encoder bearing jam can definitely cause machine speed variation problems and lead to an overcurrent (OC) fault in the inverter.
Here is how these issues are connected:
Machine Speed Variation.

The encoder provides crucial speed and position feedback to the inverter in a closed-loop control system.

) Increased Friction: A jammed or failing bearing creates excessive mechanical resistance and friction, making it difficult for the motor shaft to rotate smoothly.

) Inaccurate Feedback: The increased friction and irregular movement result in distorted or erratic signals from the encoder to the inverter.
Control Missteps: The inverter receives this poor feedback and attempts to compensate by adjusting its output frequency and voltage, but the inaccurate information leads to unstable and irregular motor operation, manifesting as speed variations or shaking.
) Stalling: In severe cases, the motor may struggle to maintain the commanded speed or stall completely.
(OC) Fault in Inverter :-
The mechanical jam directly increases the load on the motor, which in turn causes the inverter to trip on an overcurrent fault.
High Current Draw: When the motor encounters mechanical resistance (the jammed bearing), it attempts to draw significantly more current to produce enough torque to overcome the blockage and maintain speed.
Inverter Protection: The inverter is designed with internal protection mechanisms that monitor the current draw. When the current exceeds safe, predefined limits (especially during acceleration or constant speed operation), the drive shuts down and reports an OC fault to prevent damage to itself and the motor.

summary, a jammed encoder bearing is a significant mechanical fault that disrupts the motor's operation and feedback loop, leading to the control problems and safety shutdowns you described.

from the of and Caltech have achieved a breakthrough by using artificial intelligence to design a material that is...
25/08/2025

from the of and Caltech have achieved a breakthrough by using artificial intelligence to design a material that is as strong as carbon steel but lighter than foam. Instead of traditional trial-and-error experiments, the AI system generated entirely new lattice structures, which were then 3D-printed and tested. The result: nanolattices that showed up to five times the strength of titanium while staying incredibly lightweight — solving one of material science’s toughest challenges.

The implications are massive. Replacing titanium in airplanes could save up to 80 liters of fuel per kilogram each year, while in cars and buildings, the material could cut weight, increase safety, and reduce energy use. This isn’t just stronger steel — it’s a glimpse into a future where AI helps us invent matter itself, creating materials that humans alone might never have imagined.

School Of Science, Engineering & Technology stay with us gather knowledge
25/08/2025

School Of Science, Engineering & Technology stay with us gather knowledge

25/08/2025

The process of breaking down large, long-chain hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more useful ones like those found in fuels, often involving heat and sometimes a catalyst.
In Chemistry (Petrochemistry/Organic Chemistry):
:
To convert low-demand, long-chain hydrocarbons (like those in heavy oils) into high-demand, shorter-chain hydrocarbons (like those used in gasoline or plastics).
:
It involves heating large hydrocarbons until they vaporize, breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
:
cracking: Vaporized hydrocarbons .
It can also be a slang term meaning something is excellent or fantastic, or an informal way to say "get to work quickly"passed over a hot catalyst, such as aluminum oxide, to speed up the process and control the products.
cracking: A type of thermal cracking that uses steam to break down molecules.

researchers, specifically from the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), have repeat...
23/08/2025

researchers, specifically from the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), have repeatedly broken world records for internet speeds, with the most recent in mid-2025 achieving 1.02 petabits per second (Pbps) over 1,118 miles of optical fiber.

This experimental speed, achieved using advanced amplification and a 19-core optical fiber, could download all of Netflix in one second and is about 1 million times faster than current average home internet speeds, though widespread consumer adoption is still some time away.

Stay with School Of Science, Engineering & Technology School Of Science, Engineering & Technology group gather your know...
23/08/2025

Stay with School Of Science, Engineering & Technology School Of Science, Engineering & Technology group gather your knowledge

the roaring boom of the 1920s, Germany unveiled one of the most formidable forging ever constructed. Designed by ...
23/08/2025

the roaring boom of the 1920s, Germany unveiled one of the most formidable forging ever constructed.
Designed by AG, this steam-hydraulic giant stood as a cornerstone of precision engineering able to forge some of the most complex and heavy-duty components in the world, including U-boat shafts, tank armor, and massive artillery barrels.

made it revolutionary wasn’t just its size, but its ability to shape ultra-dense steel with a force previously unimaginable in manufacturing. Located in Essen, this press powered Germany’s industrial rise between wars, becoming a key player in both civilian and military engineering projects—and a defining artifact of mechanical ambition.

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