25/02/2025
the world's first printing machine
A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in which the cloth, paper, or other medium was brushed or rubbed repeatedly to achieve the transfer of ink and accelerated the process. Typically used for texts, the invention and global spread of the printing press was one of the most influential events in the second millennium.[1][2]
In Germany, around 1440, the goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press, which started the Printing Revolution. Modelled on the design of existing screw presses, a single Renaissance movable-type printing press could produce up to 3,600 pages per workday,[3] compared to forty by hand-printing and a few by hand-copying.[4] Gutenberg's newly devised hand mould made possible the precise and rapid creation of metal movable type in large quantities. His two inventions, the hand mould and the movable-type printing press, together drastically reduced the cost of printing books and other documents in Europe, particularly for shorter print runs
Makiinada daabacadu waa qalab makaanik ah oo cadaadis lagu saaro dusha qalinka leh ee ku dul taagan meel dhexaad daabacan (sida warqad ama maro ), markaasoo loo wareejinayo khad. Waxay calaamad u tahay horumar la taaban karo oo ku saabsan habab daabacaad h**e oo marada, warqadda, ama meel-dhexaadka kale lagu cadaydo ama lagu celceliyay si loo gaaro wareejinta khad oo la dedejiyo habka. Caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo qoraallada, ikhtiraacida iyo faafitaanka caalamiga ah ee madbacdu waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinkii ugu saamaynta badnaa ee qarnigii labaad. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Jarmalka , qiyaastii 1440-kii, dahab-tume Johannes Gutenberg waxa uu ikhtiraacay makiinada daabacaadda ee nooca dhaqaaqi karta , taasoo billaabay Kacaankii Daabacaadda . Naqshadeynta madbacadaha birta ah ee jira , hal mar oo Renaissance ah nooca daabacaadda guuri kara waxay soo saari kartaa ilaa 3,600 bogag maalintii shaqada, [ 3 ] marka la barbar dhigo afartan daabacaad gacanta ah iyo qaar yar oo gacan-koobiyaal ah . [ 4 ] Caaryada gacmeed ee dhawaan la hindisay ee Gutenberg ayaa suurta galisay in si sax ah oo degdeg ah loo abuuro nooca dhaqaaqa birta oo tiro badan. Labada ikhtiraacood ee uu sameeyay, farsamada gacanta iyo makiinada daabacaadda nooca dhaqaaqi karta, ayaa si wada jir ah hoos ugu dhigay kharashkii daabacaadda buugaagta iyo dukumentiyada kale ee Yurub, gaar ahaan daabacaadda gaaban.
